thể nhân
Definition
- Noun (Legal Term):
- Natural person: A human being recognized by law as having rights and duties, distinct from a legal entity or "juridical person" (pháp nhân). This is the primary and most specific meaning of "thể nhân" in legal contexts.
- Individual: Refers to a single, living human considered as a subject of legal rights and obligations.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Pháp luật phân biệt giữa thể nhân và pháp nhân. (The law distinguishes between a natural person and a legal entity.)
- Quyền sở hữu tài sản được công nhận cho cả thể nhân và pháp nhân. (The right to own property is recognized for both natural persons and legal persons.)
- Hợp đồng này được ký kết giữa hai thể nhân. (This contract is signed between two natural persons.)
Advanced Usage
- In sophisticated legal or academic texts, "thể nhân" is used to discuss the capacity, legal status, and specific rights (e.g., human rights, civil rights) inherent to an individual human being within a legal system.
Variants and Related Words
- Pháp nhân (n): Juridical person, legal person, or legal entity (e.g., a corporation, an organization recognized by law).
- Cá nhân (n): Individual. This is a more common, general term for a person, but it lacks the precise legal connotation of "thể nhân."
Synonyms
- Natural person (primary legal synonym).
- Individual (in a legal context).
- Physical person (direct translation from the French "personne physique," found in some legal texts).
Related Concepts
- Năng lực pháp luật (n): Legal capacity, the ability of a natural or juridical person to have rights and duties.
- Năng lực hành vi (n): Legal competence, the capacity to perform juridical acts by one's own will.
- Quyền công dân (n): Civil rights, rights of a citizen, typically held by a .